Quebec Immigration: Your Complete Guide Outside Express Entry

Quebec Skilled Worker Program (QSWP): The Points-Based Pathway

The Quebec Skilled Worker Program evaluates candidates using a points system completely different from Express Entry. Instead of the Comprehensive Ranking System, Quebec uses selection factors that prioritize French language ability, education, work experience, and ties to Quebec.

Selection Factors and Points Breakdown

Education (Maximum 28 points)

• Doctoral degree: 28 points
• Master’s degree: 25 points
• Bachelor’s degree: 22 points
• College diploma (3+ years): 20 points
• College diploma (2 years): 16 points

What this means for you: Quebec recognizes foreign credentials more broadly than some federal programs, but having your education assessed early in the process prevents delays.

Work Experience (Maximum 16 points)

• 6+ years: 16 points
• 4-5 years: 14 points
• 2-3 years: 12 points
• 1 year: 8 points

Real mistake we’ve seen: Applicants counting part-time work as full-time experience. Quebec requires 30+ hours per week to qualify as full-time work experience.

French Language Requirements

French proficiency is the most critical factor in QSWP success. The program requires:

Minimum French Levels:

• Speaking: Level 7 (upper-intermediate)
• Listening: Level 7
• Reading: Level 5 (intermediate)
• Writing: Level 5

Language Points (Maximum 22 points for French)

• Advanced French (Level 8+): 22 points
• Upper-intermediate French (Level 7): 16 points
• Intermediate French (Level 5-6): 6 points

If you’re from a French-speaking country: You still need to take an approved French test (TEF Canada or TCF Canada). Quebec doesn’t accept native speaker exemptions.

English Language Bonus While not required, strong English skills earn additional points:

• Advanced English: 6 points
• Intermediate English: 2 points

Age Factor

Quebec’s age scoring favors younger applicants:

• 18-35 years: 16 points
• 36-40 years: 12 points
• 41-45 years: 8 points
• 46-50 years: 4 points
• 51+ years: 0 points

Employment Offer and Quebec Connections

Pre-arranged Employment A validated job offer from a Quebec employer adds:

• 8 points for employment offer
• Additional points for occupation in demand

Quebec Stay or Studies

• 2+ years Quebec study: 5 points
• 6+ months Quebec work: 5 points
• Quebec spouse/partner studies: 3 points

Real advantage we’ve seen: Even short-term Quebec experience significantly boosts your application. Consider exploratory visits or short-term French immersion programs.

Application Process Step-by-Step

Step 1: Self-Assessment Use Quebec’s preliminary assessment tool to estimate your points. You need a minimum score to be eligible.

Step 2: Submit Expression of Interest Complete the online Arrima portal registration. This doesn’t guarantee selection but makes you visible to Quebec employers and the government.

What really happens behind the scenes: Quebec conducts regular selection rounds from the Arrima pool, similar to Express Entry draws. Higher-scoring candidates get invited first.

Step 3: Receive Invitation to Apply If selected, you have 90 days to submit a complete application with supporting documents.

Step 4: Document Submission Submit original documents (or certified copies) including:

• Educational credential assessment
• Language test results (valid for 2 years)
• Work experience letters
• Police clearances
• Financial support evidence

Common mistake we’ve seen: Waiting until after invitation to start document collection. Begin gathering documents immediately after submitting your expression of interest.

🧮 Ready to calculate your Quebec points? Use our QSWP assessment tool to see where you stand. [Calculate Your Quebec Points →]

Quebec Experience Program (PEQ): Fast-Track for Quebec Graduates and Workers

The Programme de l’expérience québécoise offers accelerated permanent residence for people who already have Quebec experience through studies or work. Processing times are significantly faster than QSWP—often 6 months or less.

Quebec Graduate Pathway

Who qualifies:

• Completed eligible Quebec program of study
• French language proficiency (intermediate level minimum)
• Intention to live and work in Quebec

Eligible Programs:

• University degree programs
• College diploma programs (1,800+ hours)
• Graduate diploma programs
• Vocational training programs leading to specific occupations

What this means for you: Not all Quebec study programs qualify for PEQ. Verify eligibility before starting your studies, especially for shorter programs.

French Language Requirements for Graduates:

• Speaking and listening: Level 7 (upper-intermediate)
• No specific requirements for reading and writing

Real advantage we’ve seen: Quebec graduates can apply for PEQ up to 36 months after graduation, giving flexibility for work experience accumulation or French language improvement.

Quebec Work Experience Pathway

Who qualifies:

• 24+ months of full-time Quebec work experience in past 36 months
• Experience in skilled occupation (NOC 0, A, or B)
• French language proficiency
• Intention to continue working in Quebec

Work Experience Requirements:

• Must be continuous full-time work (30+ hours/week)
• Same employer for entire 24-month period, OR
• Multiple employers in same occupation

If you’re on a temporary work permit: Ensure your work experience counts toward PEQ requirements. Some permit categories have restrictions.

Application Process for PEQ

Timeline Advantage:

• Application to CSQ: 20 working days (for complete applications)
• CSQ to federal PR: 12-18 months
• Total process: Often under 2 years vs. 3+ years for other programs

Document Requirements:

• Diploma and transcripts (Quebec institution)
• French language test results
• Work experience letters (if applicable)
• Financial support evidence
• Clean criminal record

Optional—but strongly recommended by AVID experts: Submit additional French language evidence even if you meet minimums. Higher proficiency strengthens your application and demonstrates long-term integration commitment.

PEQ vs. QSWP: Which Route Makes Sense?

Choose PEQ if:

• You’re studying or working in Quebec
• You want faster processing
• You meet specific French language thresholds

Choose QSWP if:

• You’re applying from outside Quebec
• You have strong points profile
• You want to immigrate without Quebec experience first

Business Immigration Programs: Entrepreneurial Pathways to Quebec

Quebec operates three distinct business immigration programs, each targeting different types of entrepreneurial immigrants. These programs require significant financial investment but offer direct paths to permanent residence.

Investor Program

Investment Requirements:

• Net worth: CAD $2 million minimum
• Investment: CAD $1.2 million (government-guaranteed, returned after 5 years)
• Management experience: 2+ years in past 5 years

What this means for you: The investment is essentially a loan to Quebec government. You get your money back, but earn no interest during the 5-year period.

Processing Priority: Quebec allocates limited spaces annually for investor applications. Applications often close quickly due to high demand.

Entrepreneur Program

Business Requirements:

• Create or acquire Quebec business
• Minimum investment varies by region:
  • Montreal: CAD $300,000
  • Other regions: CAD $200,000
• Create at least 1 full-time job for Quebec resident

Selection Process:

• Business plan evaluation
• Comprehensive interview
• Temporary residence period with performance agreement
• Permanent residence after meeting business commitments

Real challenge we’ve seen: Many entrepreneurs underestimate the complexity of Quebec business regulations and tax requirements. Professional guidance is essential for success.

Self-Employed Person Program

Target Occupations:

• Agriculture
• Cultural activities
• Professional services requiring specialized expertise

Requirements:

• Relevant work experience
• Financial capacity to establish business
• Net worth minimum: CAD $100,000

If you’re in a cultural profession: Quebec particularly welcomes artists, writers, musicians, and cultural practitioners who can contribute to Quebec’s francophone culture.

Business Program Success Factors

Language Requirements: All business programs require intermediate French language proficiency minimum. Business operations must demonstrate integration into Quebec’s francophone business environment.

Regional Considerations: Investments outside Montreal Metropolitan Area often receive preference and may have reduced financial requirements.

Certificate of Selection of Quebec (CSQ): Your Gateway to Permanent Residence

The CSQ is Quebec’s commitment to select you as a permanent resident candidate. It’s your golden ticket—but obtaining it is only the first step in a two-stage process.

CSQ Application Process

Document Preparation:

• Complete application forms (specific to your program)
• Supporting documents with certified translations
• Government fees payment
• Medical exams (if required at this stage)

What really happens behind the scenes: Quebec conducts thorough background verification, including verification of foreign documents through diplomatic channels. This is why processing times vary significantly by country of origin.

Processing Times by Program:

• PEQ: 20 working days
• QSWP: 12-24 months
• Business programs: 24-48 months

Real mistake we’ve seen: Applicants assuming CSQ approval guarantees federal approval. While rare, federal immigration can still refuse applications for medical, criminal, or security reasons.

Federal Application After CSQ

Once Quebec issues your CSQ, you apply to IRCC for permanent residence. This involves:

Additional Requirements:

• Medical examinations
• Security and criminal background checks
• Proof of funds
• Updated documents if significant time passed

Processing Timeline:

• Federal processing: 12-18 months after CSQ
• Priority processing for Quebec nominees
• Family members processed simultaneously

Financial Requirements: You must demonstrate funds to support yourself and family members:

• Main applicant: CAD $13,757
• Family of 2: CAD $17,127
• Family of 3: CAD $21,055
• Additional family member: CAD $3,928 each

CSQ Renewal and Validity

CSQ Validity Period:

• Initial validity: Usually 2 years
• Extension possible if federal processing delayed
• Must maintain Quebec residence intention

If your CSQ expires: You can usually get an extension if federal processing is still ongoing and delay wasn’t due to incomplete application.

French Language Advantage: Your Key to Quebec Success

French language proficiency isn’t just a requirement—it’s your competitive advantage in Quebec immigration. The province prioritizes French speakers and provides extensive support for language development.

Language Test Requirements

Accepted Tests:

• TEF Canada (Test d’évaluation de français)
• TCF Canada (Test de connaissance du français)

Test Validity:

• Results valid for 2 years from test date
• Must be valid when you submit CSQ application
• Consider timing carefully to avoid expiration

What this means for you: Book your French test strategically. If you’re close to language requirements, invest in additional preparation rather than risking a lower score.

French Proficiency Levels Explained

Level 5 (Intermediate):

• Can handle routine workplace communication
• Understands main points of familiar topics
• Minimum for most Quebec programs

Level 7 (Upper-Intermediate):

• Can engage in complex workplace discussions
• Understands detailed instructions and procedures
• Required for PEQ and higher QSWP points

Level 8+ (Advanced):

• Near-native fluency in professional contexts
• Maximum points in all Quebec programs
• Significant integration advantage

French Language Preparation Resources

Government-Subsidized Programs:

• Francisation program: Free French classes for temporary residents
• Part-time and full-time options available
• Online and in-person delivery methods

Private Language Training:

• Intensive immersion programs
• Specialized immigration French courses
• One-on-one tutoring options

If you’re already in Quebec: Take advantage of free francisation programs. They’re specifically designed for immigrants and cover practical vocabulary for daily life and work.

Optional—but strongly recommended by AVID experts: Complete Level 8 French even if your program only requires Level 7. The investment in higher proficiency pays dividends in job opportunities and community integration.

French Language Bonus Strategy

English + French Combination: Having both official languages significantly strengthens your profile and job prospects in Quebec, especially in Montreal where many employers value bilingual candidates.

Business French Focus: If you’re targeting business immigration programs, invest in specialized business French training. Quebec evaluates your ability to operate in francophone business environments.

Quebec vs. Other Provinces: Understanding Your Unique Advantages

Quebec immigration offers distinct advantages that don’t exist in other Canadian provinces. Understanding these differences helps you make strategic decisions about your immigration pathway.

Unique Quebec Advantages

Independent Selection System: Quebec controls its immigration numbers and criteria without federal government interference. This means more predictable requirements and processing.

French Language Priority: Your French language skills give you a competitive advantage that doesn’t exist in federal programs where English dominates.

Cultural Integration Support: Quebec provides the most comprehensive integration services in Canada, including:

• Subsidized French language training
• Cultural orientation programs
• Professional integration services
• Mentorship programs

What this means for you: Quebec wants you to succeed. The province invests heavily in immigrant integration because successful integration supports Quebec’s cultural and economic goals.

Settlement Benefits

Healthcare: Quebec operates its own healthcare system (RAMQ) with potentially faster coverage activation for permanent residents.

Education System: Quebec’s unique education system includes CEGEP (college) programs and the lowest university tuition rates in Canada for residents.

Cultural Environment: Quebec offers a distinct North American francophone experience with strong European cultural influences.

If you value cultural diversity: Quebec, particularly Montreal, offers a unique multicultural francophone environment that doesn’t exist elsewhere in North America.

Resources from AVID

📎 Essential Downloads

• Quebec Points Calculator: Assess your QSWP eligibility instantly
• French Language Assessment Guide: Determine your current proficiency level
• CSQ Application Checklist: Ensure your application is complete
• Quebec Business Plan Template: For entrepreneur program applicants

📝 Sample Documents

• Statement of Purpose Examples: Tailored for Quebec programs
• Work Experience Letter Templates: Meet Quebec’s specific requirements
• Financial Support Documentation Guide: Demonstrate adequate funds

📄 Program Comparison Tools

• Quebec Programs Comparison Chart: QSWP vs. PEQ vs. Business programs
• Quebec vs. Federal Programs: Side-by-side analysis
• Processing Timeline Tracker: Realistic expectations for each program

🧠 Common Applicant FAQs

• Can I apply to Quebec and Express Entry simultaneously?
• How do I maintain Quebec residence intention?
• What happens if my French test expires during processing?
• Can I change programs after starting my application?

French Learning Resources

• Recommended French Courses: Government and private options
• French Test Preparation Materials: TEF and TCF specific resources
• Quebec French Vocabulary Guide: Essential terms for immigration and daily life
• Online French Practice Platforms: Interactive learning tools